What are the effects of use and over utilization of surface and ground water?

Over-exploitation of ground water lowers water tables, which may damage wetlands, cause ground subsidence, and induce salt-water intrusion in coastal aquifers. Rivers and streams have long been used for discharging the waters.

What are the effects of surface and groundwater pollution?

Contamination of ground water can result in poor drinking water quality, loss of water supply, degraded surface water systems, high cleanup costs, high costs for alternative water supplies, and/or potential health problems. The consequences of contaminated ground water or degraded surface water are often serious.

What is groundwater Utilisation?

Utilization of an aquifer implies the removal of sizable volumes of groundwater, and this changes the aquifer’s natural recharge and discharge patterns. Net recharge is defined as the difference between recharge and discharge.

What are the causes of over Utilisation of water?

This is most often caused by human activities, mainly from the overuse of groundwater, when the soil collapses, compacts, and drops. Excessive pumping in coastal areas can cause saltwater to move inland and upward, resulting in saltwater contamination of the water supply.

What are the effects of over-exploitation of ground water?

The present environmental impact of over-exploitation on groundwater manifests as drops in ground- water level, reduction in or cessation of spring discharge, saltwater intrusion, and overall deterioration of water quality. The socio-economic impacts are the result of reduced water quality and quantity.

What are the effects of overexploitation of water resources?

Overexploitation of water resources leads to brackish water intrusion in the aquifers, low resilience of an ecosystem under adverse climatic conditions, higher land vulnerability to desertification, conflicts among societies, threat to biodiversity of forest water bodies etc.

How can groundwater pollution be solved?

What can I do to reduce pollution?

1. properly dispose of all waste; don’t dump chemicals down drains or on the ground.
2. test underground fuel oil tanks for leaks; if possible, replace them above ground.
3. safely store all chemicals and fuels.
4. minimize the use of chemicals; always use according to directions.

What are five ways that the groundwater supply can be polluted?

There are five major ways groundwater can be contaminated by chemicals, bacteria or saltwater.

• Surface Contamination.
• Subsurface Contamination.
• Landfills and Waste Disposal.
• Atmospheric Contamination.
• Saltwater Contamination.

What are the uses and over exploitation of water?

Over Exploitation of Surface Water: Since lakes, ponds, rivers, sea are used for dumping industrial and sewage wastes, dead bodies, solid wastes etc. hence their quality degrades, which give rise to many environmental, ecological and health problems.

How Can groundwater be used sustainably?

Sustainable allocation of groundwater resources will require catchment and aquifer management plans that clearly integrate groundwater and surface water systems. Integrated management plans must allow for sufficient environmental flow in groundwater systems to maintain groundwater dependent ecosystems.

What is overexploitation of groundwater?

Overexploitation is defined as intensive groundwater use, either planned or unplanned, which has negative effects (Villarroya and Aldwell, 1998), or where the abstraction rate is greater than the recharge rate (Custodio, 2002).

What are the uses and over-exploitation of water?

How do surface sources of pollution affect groundwater?

Surface sources of pollution can affect groundwater where the ground is very permeable or where conduits to the water table are present. Pollution spreads with the flow of groundwater. Cleanup of contaminated groundwater is extremely difficult and expensive. High-level nuclear waste disposal may threaten groundwater quality in the future.

What is the consumption pattern of ground water?

Consumption pattern of ground water follows more or less the same pattern as surface water. In 1985, we used 17.40 mhm ground water, and most of it was used for irrigation purposes only. By 2025, we would by using 24.37 mhm ground water, which is about 99% of total consumption of ground water.

How is groundwater used in agriculture?

In a way, groundwater is the water that is available at the place of its use. Thus this water can be lifted from the wells in the agricultural fields and supplied to the crops raised in that field. Hence, there is no need to send water to long distances.

How much ground water will we use by 2025?

In 1985, we used 17.40 mhm ground water, and most of it was used for irrigation purposes only. By 2025, we would by using 24.37 mhm ground water, which is about 99% of total consumption of ground water. In view of the above scenario, it is difficult to specify the year by which the demand would exceed the maximum utilizable potential.